dna ligases การใช้

• Enzymes called DNA ligases can rejoin cut or broken DNA strands.
• There are three families of ATP-dependent DNA ligases in eukaryotes.
• This contrasts with eukaryotic DNA ligases, which use ATP to form the DNA-AMP intermediate.
• The Gellert, Richardson, and Hurwitz laboratories are also credited for their help in the discovery of DNA ligases in the 1960s.
• Of the known eukaryotic DNA ligases, DNA ligase I is the only ligase involved in DNA replication making it the most studied of the ligases.
• Further, T4 DNA ligases are incompatible with ligation of RNA molecules as a donor ( i . e . RNA at the 5'end of the ligation ).
• Other NAD-dependent enzymes include bacterial DNA ligases, which join two DNA ends by using NAD as a substrate to donate an adenosine monophosphate ( AMP ) moiety to the 5'phosphate of one DNA end.